We seldom question the physical benefits that exercise has on our bodies, but the benefits to the brain and higher functioning are not as regularly touted. How does being active and playing sports...
Physiology
Articles focused on biological processes and physiology relevant for personal trainers and their clients.
Understanding Cavitation and Tension Adjustments: What’s all that cracking and popping?
Snapping hips, crackling knees, popping knuckles...all part of the human experience. Fully decoding these noisy joints may never come to pass for the technology required to glean such knowledge is...

How Consumption Below BMR Can Undercut Fat Loss and Mass Gains
Restricting calories below metabolic needs might initially sound like a surefire path to fat loss for our personal training clients who want to be leaner. However, this process often backfires when...
Using Metabolic Efficiency Tests to Maximize Client Results
Personal trainers might recommend metabolic efficiency testing for their clients to help them reach their fitness goals more easily. Metabolic efficiency refers to how well the body can utilize fat...
Metabolism and Muscles: Is The Effect As Dramatic As We’d Like To Believe?
Chasing the ultimate caloric burn remains a top priority for many avid gym-goers. Personal trainers have long promoted muscle mass and definition as powerful tools in attaining this goal. Could we...
Is Your EPOC Epic? Understanding the Body’s Oxygen Debt
The concept of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) has been described as a benefit of high-intensity exercise and a major player in weight management and weight loss. But what exactly is...
EPOC: Maximizing the Body’s Oxygen Debt for Greater Weight Loss Results
While exercise recovery needn’t take an epoch, it does involve EPOC (Excess Post Exercise Oxygen Consumption).

Anemia and Exercise: Pumping Iron or Depleting It?
Understanding the correlation between anemia and exercise is important for certified personal trainers to grasp before working with an anemic client. Anemia is the term used to describe a condition...
Can Working Out Change Your Genetics?
Exercise sessions can actually alter our DNA…in a matter of minutes! At any given time clients demonstrate a lack of motivation, causing them to skip the gym. When I encounter such clients, I have...
Hyponatremia. Too Much of a Good Thing.
It's that time of year again. Temperatures are on the rise, and there's the mad rush to get that summer-body ready for the change of season. Exercise becomes more vigorous and clients more earnest....